Magiya a Zida
Zida zobowola mu makampani opangira mafuta ndi gasi zimagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazida zosiyanasiyana za ntchito zosiyanasiyana.Spir magiya,Magiya amphamvu, magiya ang'ono, magiya a nsomba zam'madzi, magiya a nyongolotsi ndi magiya olemera a Oem ndi zovuta pakuwonetsetsa bwino. Nazi zina mwazinthu zazikulu za zida zogwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola:
- Ratary quar gear:Matebulo ozungulira amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola zobowola kuti apereke zosintha zomwe zimafunikira kuti musinthe chingwe cha kubowola ndi kubowola pang'ono. Makina a gear uyu amalola kusinthasintha kwa chingwe chakubowo kuti chizilowe pansi.
- Kumwamba Thamangani zida:Magalimoto apamwamba ndi njira yamakono yosinthira matebulo a rotrary ndikupereka mphamvu yopumira mwachindunji pa chingwe cha kubowoleza. Kuyendetsa pamwamba kumagwiritsira ntchito magiya kuti atulutse utoto komanso kuzungulira mosinthika kuchokera molingana ndi mabotolo a rig kupita ku chingwe cha kubowola.
- Varkowks gear:Kujambula kumakhala ndi udindo wokweza ndikuchepetsa chingwe chakumaso kulowamo. Amagwiritsa ntchito makina ovuta a magiya, kuphatikiza magiya achifumu, magiani magiya, ndi magiya a ng'oma, kuti aziwongolera opareshoni moyenera.
- Madom Par Gear:Mapu amtundu wamatope amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozungulira madzi obawa (matope) pansi chobowola ndikubwerera kumtunda nthawi yobowola. Mapampu awa amagwiritsa ntchito magiya oyendetsa ma pistons kapena kuzungulira komwe kumayambitsa zovuta kuti azizungulira matope.
- Kukweza zida:Kuphatikiza pa zojambulazo, zingwe zobowola zimatha kukhala ndi zida zopangira zida zopangira zida zolemera ndi zida zoyambira pansi. Dongosolo la magiya nthawi zambiri limaphatikizira ziphuphu, ng'oma, ndi magiya kuti azitha kuyendetsa mayendedwe a katundu mosatekeseka.
- Kutumiza Gearbox:Zida zina zobota, monga injinizi ndi majedzora, zitha kukhala ndi kufalitsa ma gearbox kuti muwongolere kuthamanga ndi zotulutsa za torque. Magetsi awa akuwonetsetsa kuti zida zimayendetsa bwino komanso movomerezeka mosiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana.
- Ma quars magiya ogulitsa zida zothandizira:Ma rigs amabowola nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zida zothandizira monga mapampu, jerretators, ndi cressors, zomwe zimaphatikizira magiya osiyanasiyana potumiza ndalama ndi kuwongolera.
Awa ndi zitsanzo chabe za magiya omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola m'mafakitale ndi mafuta. Mtundu uliwonse wa zida umagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pobowola, chifukwa choperewera mosinthasintha kuti akweze katundu wolemera komanso kufalitsa madzi okwera. Makina othandiza komanso odalirika amafunikira kuti awonetsetse kuti akubowola akakhalabe otetezeka ndikuchepetsa nthawi yopuma.
Kukonzanso mayunitsi opanga mafuta ndi mafuta kugwiritsa ntchito zida ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito mafuta osadukiza m'malonda osiyanasiyana a petroleum. Pomwe magiya sangakhale ngati odziwika bwino m'magawo oyenera poyerekeza ndi zida zobota, pamakhala ntchito zingapo zomwe magiresi ndizofunikira. Nazi zitsanzo za magiya omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzanso mayunitsi:
- Zida zoyenderera:Kukonzanso magawo nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana kuzungulira monga mapampu, crbiressors, ndi ma apbines, omwe amafunikira magiya azagetsi ndi kuwongolera. Magiya awa amatha kukhala ndi mphamvu zazikulu, pulve, bevel, kapena magiya a punetary kutengera ntchito ndi zofunikira zina.
- Ma gearbox:Magiya ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzanso mayunitsi kuti apereke mphamvu ndikusintha kwa zida zosewerera. Atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pompopompo, mafani, owombera, ndi makina ena kuti agwirizane ndi liwiro la zida zomwe mukufuna.
- Zida zosakanikirana:Magawo oyeretsa amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zosakanikirana monga okalamba kapena osakanikirana mu njira ngati kuphatikiza kapena emulsization. Magiya nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyendetsa masamba osakaniza kapena shafts, ndikuonetsetsa kusakaniza bwino ndi homogenization zamadzi kapena zida zomwe zimakonzedwa.
- Contrator ndi okwera:Zoyeretsa mayunitsi amagwiritsa ntchito ma cometor ndi okwera chifukwa chonyamula zinthu pakati pa mayunitsi osiyanasiyana kapena magawo osiyanasiyana. Magiya ali ndi zigawo zophatikizira za machitidwe awa, kupereka kutumiza kwamphamvu kuti asunthire zinthu mokwanira pamodzi ndi malamba onyamulamo kapena kuwakweza kumitundu yosiyanasiyana.
- Alonda a valavu:Mavesi amatenga mbali yovuta kwambiri pakuwongolera mayendedwe amadzimadzi mkati mwa mayunitsi. Ochita magetsi, opanga magetsi, kapena hydraulic nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwirira ntchito valavu ya valavu, ndipo ochita masewera awa amatha kuphatikiza ma geniars kuti athetse mphamvuyo mu kayendedwe ka Vality.
- Malo Ozizira:Ndemanga zozizira ndizofunikira pochotsa kutentha kuchokera kosiyanasiyana njira zodziwikiratu. Mafani omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ozizira amatha kuthamangitsidwa ndi magiya kuti azitha kuyendetsa mwachangu kuthamanga ndi mpweya, kutsatsa bwino kwambiri nsanja.
Ngakhale magiya sangathe kukhala otchuka pokonzanso zigawo za zida zobowola, ndizofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito yofunika kwambiri yosiyanasiyana. Kusankha koyenera, kukonza, komanso kununkhira magiya ndikofunikira kukulitsa zokolola ndikuchepetsa nthawi yopuma.
Makutu a Mapaipi
M'mapaipi a mafuta ndi magesi oyendetsa mafuta, magiya samagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji. Komabe, zida zingapo ndi zigawo zigawo mkati mwa machitidwe mapaipi amatha kugwiritsa ntchito magiya a ntchito zina. Nawa zitsanzo:
- Pampu Gearbos:Mu mapaipi, mapampu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga mafuta kapena mpweya patali. Mapampu awa nthawi zambiri amaphatikizira gearboxs kuti ayang'anire kuthamanga ndi chimbudzi cha phokoso la pampu. Matibowo amalola kuti mapaumu azigwira bwino ntchito mokwanira pamapulogalamu otuluka, kuthana ndi zoopsa ndikukhalabe ndi zipani.
- Alonda a valavu:Ma Vals ndi zigawo zotsutsa m'mapaipi kuti ziziwongolera mpweya kapena mpweya. Ochitapo kanthu, monga magetsi ochita magetsi, a chibayo, kapena hydraulic, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwirira ntchito bwino. Ochitapo kanthu amatha kugwiritsa ntchito magiya kuti asinthe mphamvu zothandizira mu valuve, onetsetsani kuti amayendetsa bwino kwambiri pamapaipi.
- Compressror Gearbons:M'mapaipi achilengedwe, oponderezedwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhala opanikizika komanso oyenda. Makina oponderezana nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ma gearbox kuti apereke mphamvu kuchokera ku magetsi oyenda (monga mota yamagetsi) kupita ku compressor rotor. Mafakisoni amathandizira compresser kuti mugwiritse ntchito liwiro labwino komanso lopepuka komanso kudalirika.
- Zida zothekera:Mapaipi akhoza kuphatikiza mita yolumikizira kuti muyeze kuchuluka ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta kapena mpweya wodutsa payipi. Zida zina zongotenthetsa, monga ma turbine metres kapena mita mita, zitha kugwiritsa ntchito magiya ngati gawo la makina oyambira.
- Zida zokutira:Nkhumba za mapaipi ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzanso magawo osiyanasiyana m'mapaipi mkati, monga kuyeretsa, kuyang'ana, ndikulekanitsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Zida zogudubuza zitha kugwiritsa ntchito magiya a prosilsion kapena njira zowongolera, kulola nkhumba kuyang'anira mavu.
Ngakhale kuti zingwe sizingagwidwe ntchito mwachindunji pamapaipi, amachita mbali yofunika kwambiri pantchitoyi ndi kukonza zida ndi zigawo zigawo mkati mwa makina papaipi. Kusankha koyenera, kukhazikitsa, ndi kukonza zida zoyendetsedwa ndi zida ndizofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti zitsimikizike zotetezeka komanso zothandiza pamapaipi yamafuta ndi mafuta.
Mavesi otetezeka ndi magiya
Mavesi otetezedwa ndi zida mu makonda mafakitale, kuphatikiza omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu malonda ndi gasi, ndikofunikira kuti azigwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu zotetezeka komanso kupewa ngozi. Ngakhale zida sizitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji m'madzi okhawo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida zachitetezo zimatha kuphatikiza magiya kapena zida ngati zida za opaleshoni. Nawa zitsanzo:
- Ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi amakakamizidwa:Mauvuvu okhumudwitsa omwe akukakamizidwa ndi zida zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popewa kuthana ndi zida ndi makina opindika. Mauvulu othandiza amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti atsegule kapena kutseka valavu poyankha kuti asinthe. Ochita sewerowa amatha kuphatikizapo ma gear ma gear kuti asinthe mayendedwe a wogwira ntchitoyo kuti azigwiritsa ntchito makinawa.
- Kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwadzidzidzi:Kusintha kwadzidzidzi (ESD) kumapangidwa kuti mutseke zida ndi njira zomwe zingachitike mwadzidzidzi, monga moto kapena kutayikira kwa mpweya. Makina ena a Esa a Esa
- Makina osokoneza bongo:Makina osokoneza bongo amagwiritsidwa ntchito popewa zinthu zosatetezeka powonetsetsa kuti zochita zina zimatha kungochitika mwanjira inayake. Makina awa amatha kuphatikiza magiya kapena njira zopangira zida zowongolera kuyenda kwa magwiridwe antchito, kupewa ntchito zosavomerezeka kapena zosatetezeka.
- Zida zoteteza zowonjezera:Zipangizo zoteteza zowonjezera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa zida zopitilira kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zopangidwa, kuchepetsa chiopsezo chowonongeka kapena kulephera. Zida zoteteza zopitilira muyeso zimatha kugwiritsa ntchito magiya kapena ma gearbox kuti agwire ntchito makina kapena mabuleki, omwe amachotsa dongosolo la drive pomwe katundu wambiri amapezeka.
- Moto ndi Mafuta Onetsa:Makina amoto ndi gasi amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira kupezeka kwa mpweya woyaka kapena kusuta mu mafakitale. Katundu wina amatha kugwiritsa ntchito magies kapena ma gear - njira zoyendetsedwa ndi ma alarm, kapena zida zina zotetezeka poyankha zoopsa.
Pomwe magiya sangakhale gawo la mavesi otetezedwa ndi zida, amatha kutenga gawo lofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti njira zodalirika komanso zotetezekazi. Mapangidwe oyenera, kukhazikitsa, ndi kukonza zida zotetezedwa zachilengedwe ndizofunikira kuti malo otetezeka m'maofesi a mafakitale, kuphatikizaponso omwe ali m'mafakitale ndi mafuta.
Mafuta ochulukirapo & gasi komwe geon magiya
