Kodi Dzino la Gear ndi Chiyani?

Magiya ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri mu uinjiniya wamakono wamakina, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zonse kuyambira mawotchi ndi magalimoto mpaka makina amakampani ndi makina amlengalenga. Pakati pa giya iliyonse pali gawo lofunika kwambiri la giya. Kumvetsetsa kapangidwe, ntchito, ndi kufunika kwa mano a giya kumapereka chidziwitso chofunikira cha momwe magiya amatumizira mphamvu moyenera komanso modalirika m'magwiritsidwe ambiri.

Tanthauzo la Dzino la Zida

Dzino la giya ndi gawo lozungulira giya. Magiya awiri akamalumikizana, mano awo amalumikizana bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuyenda kozungulira ndi mphamvu zipitirire kuchokera ku shaft imodzi kupita ku ina. Dzino lililonse limapangidwa mosamala ndi mawonekedwe akeake, omwe amadziwika kuti involute profile, kuti atsimikizire kuti akugwirizana bwino, kugwedezeka kochepa, komanso kuthamanga kogwirizana. Popanda mano opangidwa bwino, magiya angatsetseke kapena kugwedezeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutumiza kolondola kwa kayendedwe kukhale kosatheka.

Kapangidwe ndi Jiometri

Maonekedwe a dzino la giya amafotokozedwa mosamala ndi magawo angapo ofunikira. Chowonjezeracho chimatanthauza kutalika kwa dzino pamwamba pa bwalo la pitch, pomwe dedendum ndi kuya pansi pake. Bwalo la pitch lokha ndi bwalo longoganizira lomwe limayimira malo ogwira ntchito pakati pa magiya a meshing. Miyeso ina yofunika ndi monga ngodya ya kuthamanga, makulidwe a dzino, ndi module kapena diametral pitch, zomwe zimathandiza kupanga kapangidwe ka giya m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Mawonekedwe a dzino la giya si okhazikika. Mbiri ya involute ndiyo njira yodziwika kwambiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magiya amakono chifukwa imalola magiya kukhala ndi chiŵerengero chokhazikika cha liwiro mosasamala kanthu za mtunda pakati pa malo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti bola ngati magiya akukhalabe olunjika bwino, mayendedwe awo adzakhalabe osalala komanso ogwira ntchito bwino.

Ntchito za Mano a Zida

Dzino la gear limagwira ntchito zingapo zofunika mkati mwa makina:

1. Kutumiza Mayendedwe - Mano a zida amalumikizana kuti asunthire kayendedwe kozungulira pakati pa shafts.

2. Kutumiza kwa Torque - Pogwiritsa ntchito maukonde, mano a zida amalola mphamvu ya makina kusamutsidwa bwino, zomwe zimathandiza makina kunyamula katundu wolemera.

3. Kuwongolera Liwiro ndi Mayendedwe - Kukula ndi kuchuluka kwa mano a zida kumatsimikiza kuchepetsa kapena kukweza liwiro, komanso komwe likuzungulira.

4. Kugawa Katundu - Mano amagawa mphamvu zolumikizirana mofanana, kuchepetsa kuwonongeka ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ntchitoyo ndi yayitali.

Mitundu ya Mano a Zida

Mano a zida amatha kusiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa zida.Magiya a Spur Mano awo ali ndi mano owongoka omwe ali molunjika motsatira mzere wozungulira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhale osavuta koma omveka pang'ono pa liwiro lapamwamba.Magiya a HelicalIli ndi mano okhota, omwe amagwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono ndi kuchepetsa phokoso pamene amalola kuti munthu azitha kunyamula katundu wambiri.Magiya a Bevelali ndi mano ooneka ngati maukonde pamipata yolumikizirana, pomwezida za nyongolotsiGwiritsani ntchito mano ngati screw kuti mupeze ma reduction ratios ambiri. Ma Double Helical (Herringbone) Gears:
Yopangidwa ndi mizere iwiri ya mano ozungulira okhala ndi ngodya zosiyana. Kapangidwe kameneka kamachotsa mphamvu ya axial yomwe imapangidwa ndi magiya ozungulira amodzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito ya torque ikhale yolimba kwambiri.

Zida Zamkati:
Ili ndi mano odulidwa mkati mwa mphete kapena silinda. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapangidwe ang'onoang'ono, monga makina a zida zapadziko lapansi, polumikiza ndi magiya akunja.
Mano otchingira ndi mano opindika
Kufotokozera: Chipilala chosalala chokhala ndi mano owongoka (chotchingira) chokhala ndi giya yozungulira (pinion).
Makhalidwe:
Amasintha kayendedwe kozungulira kukhala kayendedwe kolunjika ndi mosemphanitsa.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu makina owongolera ndi ntchito zoyendetsera zamagetsi

Kapangidwe kalikonse kamasintha mawonekedwe a dzino kuti kagwirizane ndi ntchito zinazake komanso zosowa za magwiridwe antchito.

Zipangizo ndi Kukhalitsa

Popeza mano a zida amapirira kupsinjika kosalekeza, kukangana, ndi kupsinjika kwa kukhudzana, kusankha zinthu ndikofunikira kwambiri. Ma alloy achitsulo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo komanso kukana kuwonongeka, pomwe mankhwala opangira pamwamba monga carburizing, nitriding, kapena shot peening amawonjezera kuuma ndi moyo wotopa. Pakugwiritsa ntchito mopepuka, zinthu monga pulasitiki kapena aluminiyamu zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchepetsa kulemera ndi phokoso.

Kufunika kwa Uinjiniya Wamakono

Dzino la giya, ngakhale kuti ndi laling'ono poyerekeza ndi makina onse, limatsimikizira magwiridwe antchito, magwiridwe antchito, komanso kudalirika kwa makina. Mano a giya osapangidwa bwino kapena opangidwa molakwika angayambitse kugwedezeka kwambiri, phokoso, kuwonongeka mwachangu, kapena kulephera kwakukulu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mafakitale amaika patsogolo kwambiri pa kukonza bwino mano, kupukuta, ndi kuwunika mano a giya popanga.