Poyesa mtengo wa zida zopangira kapena kugula, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zinthu zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mitengo ya zida ikhale yokwera. Zida zingawoneke zosavuta, koma njira yopangira ndi yovuta ndipo imaphatikizapo zinthu zambiri zaukadaulo ndi zowongolera khalidwe. Zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimakhudza mitengo ya zida ndi monga kusankha zinthu, njira yochizira kutentha, mulingo wa zida, gawo, kuchuluka kwa mano, ndi kulekerera kwa miyeso.

1. Kusankha Zinthu

Mtundu wa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pamtengo. Zipangizo zodziwika bwino za zida zimaphatikizapo chitsulo cha kaboni, chitsulo cha alloy (monga 20CrMnTi kapena 42CrMo), chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, bronze, ndi pulasitiki yaukadaulo. Magiya ogwira ntchito kwambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto, ndege, kapena maloboti nthawi zambiri amafunikira zitsulo za alloy zolimba komanso zolimba, zomwe zimakhala zodula kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kupezeka kwa zinthu zopangira ndi kusinthasintha kwa mitengo pamsika kumakhudzanso mtengo wonse wa zida.

2. Kuchiza Kutentha

Chithandizo cha kutentha chimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pozindikira kuuma, kukana kutopa, komanso mphamvu ya kutopa kwa magiya. Njira monga carburizing, nitriding, quenching ndi tempering, ndi induction hardening zimawonjezera mphamvu za makina a giya komanso zimawonjezera mtengo wopanga. Mwachitsanzo, magiya omwe amapangidwa carburing ndi kuphwanyidwa nthawi zambiri amadula mtengo chifukwa cha njira zowonjezera zokonzera komanso kuwongolera bwino khalidwe. Mtundu ndi zovuta za chithandizo cha kutentha zimakhudza mwachindunji mitengo kutengera momwe magetsi amagwiritsidwira ntchito, nthawi yozungulira, komanso kulondola kwa njira.

3. Mulingo Wabwino wa Zida

Ubwino wa zida umatanthauzidwa ndi miyezo monga AGMA, ISO, kapena DIN. Magiya olondola kwambiri (monga ISO grade 6 kapena AGMA class 12 ndi kupitirira apo) amafunikira njira zapamwamba zopangira makina monga kupukuta kapena kupukuta zida, komanso kuwunika kokhwima kwambiri kwa khalidwe kuphatikiza kuyesa mbiri ndi lead. Kuchuluka kwapamwamba kumeneku kumawonjezera ndalama zopangira chifukwa cha kulekerera kolimba, kutsirizika bwino kwa pamwamba, komanso kuchepa kwa kupotoka kololedwa. Zotsatira zake, kulondola bwino kwa zida nthawi zambiri kumabwera ndi mtengo wokwera.

4. Gawo ndi Chiwerengero cha Mano

Gawo la giya (gawo loyezera kukula kwa mano a giya) ndi kuchuluka kwa mano zimakhudza mwachindunji kukula ndi kulemera kwa giya, komanso zovuta za makina opangira. Magawo akuluakulu amafunikira makina ambiri odulira zinthu komanso olemera kwambiri. Magiya okhala ndi mano ochepa kwambiri kapena akuluakulu kwambiri amathanso kukhala ovuta kupanga ndipo angafunike zida zosinthidwa, zomwe zimawonjezera ndalama. Kuphatikiza apo, mawonekedwe apadera a mano kapena mapangidwe osinthidwa okhala ndi korona, helical, kapena double helical zimakweza mtengo.

5. Kulekerera kwa Magawo ndi Kumaliza Pamwamba

Kulekerera kwamphamvu kwa mbiri ya dzino, phula, ndi kukhazikika kumafuna makina olondola a CNC ndi zida zodulira zapamwamba kwambiri. Kusunga kulekerera kosalekeza mu gulu lonse kumawonjezera nthawi yowunikira komanso ndalama zokonzanso. Kuphatikiza apo, zofunikira pakumaliza pamwamba, monga mano opukutidwa kapena opukutidwa, zimathandizira magwiridwe antchito a zida koma zimafuna nthawi yochulukirapo yokonza ndi zida zapamwamba. Kulekerera ndi kumaliza kumakhudza mwachindunji mulingo wa chitsimikizo cha khalidwe komanso mtengo wa zida.

Mtengo wa giya umakhudzidwa ndi kuphatikiza kwa ukadaulo ndi zofunikira pakupanga. Kusankha chida choyenera, kusankha chithandizo choyenera cha kutentha, kukwaniritsa mulingo woyenera, komanso kulinganiza kukula kwa gawo, kuchuluka kwa mano, ndi kulekerera kungasinthe kwambiri mtengo wopangira. Kwa ogula ndi mainjiniya, kumvetsetsa zinthu izi ndikofunikira kuti apange zisankho zotsika mtengo popanda kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito kapena kudalirika. Ku Belon Gear, timagwira ntchito limodzi ndi makasitomala athu kuti tikonze bwino zinthuzi ndikupereka mayankho apamwamba kwambiri a zida zomwe zikugwirizana ndi zosowa za bajeti komanso zogwiritsidwa ntchito.