Kuchepetsa Propation GAR
Mafuta ochepetsa matenda ndi chinthu chovuta kwambiri mu ndege zomwe zidapangidwa ndi injini kapena ma estboproph. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa injini kupita ku liwiro lotsika loyenera kuyendetsa bwino kwambiri. Kuchepetsa kuthamanga kumapangitsa kuti woyang'anirayo asinthe mphamvu ya injini kuti ikhumudwitse kwambiri, kukonza mafuta kumasumidwe ndikuchepetsa phokoso.
Zida zochepetsera zochepetsera zimakhala ndi magiya angapo, kuphatikiza zida zoyendetsera zida zolumikizidwa ndi zida zamagetsi ndi zida zoyendetsedwa ndi shaft. Magiya awa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi magiya owopsa kapena magiya akuluakulu ndipo adapangidwa kuti azipanga maudzu kuti apereke mphamvu bwino.
Mu ndege yoyendetsedwa ndi piston, kuchepetsedwa kwa giya kumazungulira 0,5 mpaka 0,6, kutanthauza kuti operekera amazungulira pafupifupi theka kapena theka la liwiro la injini. Kutsitsa uku kumapangitsa kuti woyang'anirayo azigwira ntchito mogwira mtima kwambiri, ndikupangira phokoso lochepa komanso kugwedezeka.
Mu ndege ya Turboprop, ma nthiti ochepetsa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti agwirizane ndi mafuta othamanga a turbine kuti injini zikapangidwe kayendedwe kamene kamafunikira. Ma giyala ochepetsa a Turboprop amathandizira kuti azigwiritsa ntchito moyenera kuthamanga kwamitundu yambiri, ndikuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera kuti azipanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ndege ndi mishoni.
Pazonse, kuchepetsedwa kwa ma giar ndi chinthu chovuta kwambiri mu ndege zopita ku ndege, kulola injini zamagetsi zogwirira ntchito moyenera komanso mwakachetechete ndikumapereka chipembedzo chofunikira pakuthawa.
Kufika giar
Magiya opezeka ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri la ndege lomwe limalola kuti lichoke, nthaka, ndi taxi pansi. Imakhala ndi mawilo, mizere, ndi njira zina zomwe zimathandizira kulemera kwa ndege ndikupereka bata panthawi yoyenda. Zida zopepuka nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovomerezeka, kutanthauza kuti zitha kukwezedwa mu ndege ya ndege pothawira kuti muchepetse.
Dongosolo la GARS lodzaza limaphatikizapo zigawo zingapo zazikulu, aliyense akugwira ntchito inayake:
Ginal Log Long: Magiya akuluakulu akufika pansi pa mapiko ndipo amathandizira kwambiri kunenepa kwambiri. Imakhala ndi magudumu amodzi kapena angapo omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi ma strats omwe amakula pansi kuchokera pamapiko kapena fuselage.
Kufika kwa Ma Gear: Zingwe zowombera za mphuno zili pansi pa mphuno za ndege ndipo zimathandizira kutsogolo kwa ndege ikakhala pansi. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi gudumu limodzi lolumikizidwa ndi chingwe chomwe chimafikira pansi kuchokera ku fuselage ya ndege.
Kutaya Mafuta a Mata: Kufika Matar Systems Nthawi zambiri kuphatikiza zonunkhira zowoneka bwino kuti muchepetse mphamvu yakufika ndikukhometsa msonkho pamalo oyipa. Mafuta amenewa amathandiza kuteteza kapangidwe ka ndege ndi zina zowonongeka.
Njira yobwezera: Njira yobwereketsa zida zobwezera zida zimalola zida zoyambitsidwa kuti ziukitsidwe mu ndege za ndege pakuthawa. Makina amtunduwu amatha kuphatikizira alonda hydraulic kapena magetsi omwe amakweza ndi kutsitsa zida zoyambira.
Braking System: Mazithunzi opezeka ali ndi mabuleki omwe amalola woyendetsa kuti achepetse ndikuyimitsa ndege mukamafika komanso msonkho. Dongosolo lobowola lingaphatikizepo hydraulic kapena zigawo zikuluzikulu zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito mawilo kuti achepetse.
Makina oyendetsa ndege: Ndege ina ili ndi makina owongolera pamphuno yomwe imalola woyendetsa ndege kuti ayendetse ndegeyo pansi. Makina awa amalumikizidwa ndi ma ruder a ndege a ndege
Ponseponse, giya yotayirira ndi gawo lovuta kwambiri chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka ndege, kulola kuti igwiritse ntchito bwino komanso moyenera pansi. Mapangidwe ndi kumanga kwa ma gear seryms amatengera malamulo okhwima komanso miyezo kuti muwonetsetse chitetezo cha ndege.
HILICOPT YOPHUNZITSIRA MALO
Zidutswa zofalitsa za helilopter ndizofunikira kwambiri dongosolo lotumiza ma helikopita, lomwe limapereka mphamvu kuchokera ku injini kupita ku rotor yayikulu ndi rotor. Mafudwe awa amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri yowongolera ndege za ndege za ndege, monga kukweza, kukopa, komanso kukhazikika. Nawa mbali zina zazikulu za magiya ogulitsa a Helikopter:
Chofunika posamutsa mphamvu kuchokera ku injini kupita ku rotor yayikulu. Mitundu ya magiya omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu helikopter Kutumiza kumaphatikizapo:Beveve MagiyaSinthani malangizo owongolera magiya amphamvu Spur: Thandizani liwiro losinthasinthaMagiya a Planeti: Lolani kuti zitheke zosinthika, zomwe zimathandizira kukhazikika komanso kuwongolera pakuthawa
Kutumiza Kwazikulu za rosor: Kutumiza kwakukulu kwa ma quars ogwiritsira ntchito kusinthitsa mphamvu kuchokera ku injini kupita ku staft shaft, yomwe imayendetsa masamba akulu ozungulira. Magiya awa amapangidwa kuti azitha kupirira katundu wambiri ndi liwiro ndipo liyenera kukhala lopangidwa ndendende kuti liwonetsetse bwino komanso lothandiza.
Kutumiza kwa mchira: Mchira wopondaponda ma genings asinthitsa mphamvu kuchokera ku injini kupita ku shaft shaft, yomwe imayendetsa njira ya helikopi kapena mbali. Magiyawa nthawi zambiri amakhala ochepa komanso opepuka kuposa magiya akulu ogwiritsa ntchito rosor koma ayenera kukhalabe olimba komanso odalirika.
Kuchepetsa magiya: maginiya ogulitsa a helilopter nthawi zambiri amaphatikiza njira zochepetsera za gear kuti zigwirizane ndi injini yothamanga kwambiri yomwe imafunira ndi zowola zazikulu ndi mchira. Kuchepetsa kumeneku kumathandizira kuti ovota azigwira bwino ntchito mokwanira ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kulephera kwamakina.
Zipangizo zazikuluzikulu: mazira a heliloputi opangidwa ndi helilophi nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuchokera ku zida zapamwamba, monga chitsulo chokhazikika kapena titanium, kuthana ndi katundu wamkulu ndi zipsinjo zokumana nazo pakugwira ntchito.
Mafuta a Mafuta: Mafuti ogulitsa a Helikopter amafunikira makina owoneka bwino a mafuta kuti awonetsetse bwino ntchito ndikuchepetsa kuvala. Mafuta amayenera kuthana ndi kutentha kwambiri ndi zovuta ndikuteteza moyenera ku mikangano ndi kututa.
Kusamalira ndi kuyendera: magikopu ogulitsa a Helikopter amafunikira kukonza pafupipafupi ndikuwunika kuti awonetsetse kuti akugwira ntchito molondola. Zizindikiro zilizonse za kuvala kapena kuwonongeka ziyenera kutumizidwa mwachangu kuti muletse zolephera zopanga.
Onse, magiya ofalitsa a helilopter ndi omwe amachititsa kuti ma helikopita ogwira ntchito azichita bwino. Ayenera kupangidwa, kupangidwa, ndikusamalidwa bwino kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire chitetezo cha ndege.
Kuchepetsa kwa Turboprop
Mafuta ochepetsa matenda a Turboprop ndi chinthu chovuta kwambiri mu ma injini aku Turboprop, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ndege kuti aperekelire. Mafuta ochepetsa amakhala ndi udindo wochepetsa kuthamanga kwa injini za injiniyo kupita ku liwiro lotsika loyenera kuyendetsa bwino kwambiri. Nawa mbali zina zazikulu za magiya a Turboprop amachepetsa:
RARE Yotsitsa: Ma gear ochepetsa amachepetsa kuzungulira kwa injini ya injini ya injini, yomwe imatha kupitirira makumi zikwizikwi zosintha pakatha mphindi (RPM), kuthamanga kochepa koyenera kwa operekera. Chiwerengero chochepetsera chimakhala pakati pa 10: 1 ndi 20: 1, kutanthauza kuti woperekera zinthu pafupifupi makumi awiri ku liwiro la Turbine.
Dongosolo la GARNASI: Mafupa ochepetsa a Turboprop nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi za mapulaneti, zomwe zimakhala ndi zida zapakati, zida zanyengo, komanso zida zaphokoso. Dongosolo ili limalola kuchepa kwa ma gear mokwanira pogawa katunduyo pakati pa magiya.
Kuthamanga kwambiri shaft: Mafuta ochepetsa amalumikizidwa ndi shaft yotulutsa injini ya Turbine. Shaft iyi imazungulira pa liwiro lalitali ndipo liyenera kupangidwira kupirira zipsinjo ndi kutentha komwe kumapangidwa ndi Turbine.
Kuthamanga kotsika mtengo: kaponi yotulutsa kwa giya yochepetsera imalumikizidwa ndi operekera ndikuzungulira pa liwiro lotsika kuposa shaft yolowera. Shaft imapereka liwiro lochepetsedwa ndi torque kwa operekera, kulola kuti ipange.
Zithunzi ndi mafuta: magiya ochepetsa a Turboprop amafunikira ma beseni apamwamba kwambiri komanso machitidwe opangira mafuta kuti atsimikizire bwino. Zovala ziyenera kupirira kuthamanga kwambiri ndi katundu, pomwe dongosolo la mafuta liyenera kupereka mafuta okwanira kuchepetsa mikangano ndi kuvala.
Kuchita bwino ndi magwiridwe: Mapangidwe a nthiti ochepetsa ndikofunikira kuti mugwire bwino ntchito ndi magwiridwe antchito a Turboprorop. Mafuta ochepetsa bwino amatha kusintha mphamvu, kuchepetsa phokoso komanso kugwedezeka, ndikuwonjezera injini ya injini ndi wopatsirana.
Ponseponse, zida za Turboprop zimachepetsa kwambiri kwa Turboprop egines, zomwe zimawathandiza kuchita bwino komanso mothandiza popereka mphamvu yofunika popereka mphamvu ya ndege.
Zida zaulimi zambiri pomwe magiya a Belon
