Magiya a Traditional Traditional
Mathilakitala achikhalidwe amakhala ndi magiya osiyanasiyana, nthawi zambiri kuphatikiza magiya akutsogolo, magiya obwerera kumbuyo, ndipo nthawi zina magiya owonjezera pazifukwa zinazake monga kukoka katundu wolemera kapena kuthamanga mosiyanasiyana.Nayi chidule chachidule cha zida zomwe zimapezeka m'mathilakitala achikale:
- Magiya Opita Patsogolo: Mathirakitala achikale amakhala ndi magiya angapo opita patsogolo, nthawi zambiri kuyambira 4 mpaka 12 kapena kupitilira apo, kutengera mtundu ndi ntchito yomwe akufuna.Magiyawa amathandizira kuti thirakitala igwire ntchito pa liwiro losiyana, kuchokera pa liwiro lochepera pa ntchito monga kulima kapena kulima mpaka ma liwiro okwera kwambiri poyenda pakati pa minda.
- Magiya Obwerera: Mathilakitala nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi giya imodzi kapena ziwiri zobwerera kumbuyo.Izi zimathandiza woyendetsa thirakitala kuti ayendetse thalakitala pamalo othina kapena kubwerera kumbuyo komwe kuli kosatheka kapena kosatheka.
- Magiya Apamwamba/Otsika: Mathilakitala ena amakhala ndi chosankha chapamwamba/chotsika chomwe chimachulukitsa kuwirikiza kawiri kuchuluka kwa magiya omwe alipo.Posintha pakati pa mtunda wautali ndi wotsika, woyendetsa amatha kusinthanso liwiro la thirakitala ndi mphamvu zake kuti zigwirizane ndi zofunikira za ntchito zosiyanasiyana.
- Magiya Oyikira Mphamvu (PTO): Mathilakitala nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi shaft yotengera mphamvu yomwe imasamutsa mphamvu kuchokera ku injini kupita ku zida zosiyanasiyana, monga zotchera, ma baler, kapena ma tiller.PTO ikhoza kukhala ndi magiya akeake kapena kuchita popanda kutumizirana kwakukulu.
- Magiya a Creeper: Mathilakitala ena amatha kukhala ndi magiya otsika kwambiri, omwe ndi magiya otsika kwambiri opangidwira ntchito zomwe zimafuna kuyenda pang'onopang'ono komanso moyenera, monga kubzala kapena kubzala.
- Mitundu Yotumizira: Mathirakitala achikhalidwe amatha kukhala ndi ma transmissions apamanja kapena a hydraulic.Kutumiza kwapamanja kumafuna kuti wogwiritsa ntchito asinthe magiya pamanja pogwiritsa ntchito ndodo kapena lever, pomwe ma hydraulic transmissions, omwe amadziwikanso kuti hydrostatic transmissions, amagwiritsa ntchito hydraulic fluid kuwongolera kusintha kwa zida.
Ponseponse, zida za thirakitala zachikhalidwe zimatha kusiyanasiyana malinga ndi wopanga, mtundu wake, ndi zomwe akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito, koma izi ndi zina mwazinthu zomwe zimapezeka m'mapangidwe ambiri a thirakitala.
Magiya a Mathirakitala Amagetsi
Mathilakitala amagetsi, pokhala chitukuko chatsopano pazaulimi, ali ndi zida zosiyana siyana poyerekeza ndi mathirakitala omwe ali ndi injini zoyatsira mkati.Nawa mwachidule magiya omwe amapezeka m'mathirakitala amagetsi:
- Kutumiza kwa Liwiro Limodzi: Mathilakitala ambiri amagetsi amagwiritsa ntchito makina otengera liwiro limodzi kapena makina oyendetsa molunjika.Popeza ma motors amagetsi amatha kupereka torque yayikulu pama liwiro osiyanasiyana, kutumizirana liwilo limodzi kumatha kukhala kokwanira pantchito zambiri zaulimi.Kuphweka kumeneku kumathandiza kuchepetsa zovuta zamakina ndi zofunikira zosamalira.
- Variable Frequency Drive (VFD): M'malo mwa magiya achikhalidwe, mathirakitala amagetsi amatha kugwiritsa ntchito makina oyendetsa pafupipafupi.Ma VFD amawongolera liwiro la mota yamagetsi posintha kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa iyo.Izi zimathandiza kuti liwiro la thirakitala likhale losalala komanso lolondola popanda kufunikira kwa zida zachikhalidwe.
- Regenerative Braking: Mathirakitala amagetsi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mabuleki osinthika.Tekitala ikatsika kapena kuyima, mota yamagetsi imagwira ntchito ngati jenereta, kutembenuza mphamvu ya kinetic kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi.Mphamvuzi zimatha kusungidwa m'mabatire kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupatsa mphamvu makina ena amkati, ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito.
- Magalimoto Angapo: Mathirakitala ena amagetsi amagwiritsa ntchito ma motors amagetsi angapo, iliyonse ikuyendetsa gudumu kapena ekseli yosiyana.Dongosololi, lomwe limadziwika kuti gudumu lodziyimira pawokha, limatha kuwongolera bwino, kuyendetsa bwino, komanso kuchita bwino poyerekeza ndi kapangidwe kakale ka injini imodzi.
- Kuwongolera Pakompyuta: Mathirakitala amagetsi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi makina apamwamba kwambiri owongolera mphamvu zamagetsi, kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito, ndikuwunika momwe mabatire amagwiritsidwira ntchito.Makinawa atha kuphatikiza owongolera, masensa, ndi ma aligorivimu apulogalamu kuti awonetsetse kuti akugwira ntchito bwino pamikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana.
- Battery Management System (BMS): Mathilakitala amagetsi amadalira mapaketi akuluakulu a batire kuti asunge mphamvu.Dongosolo loyang'anira mabatire limayang'anira kuchuluka kwa mabatire, kutentha, ndi thanzi la mabatire, kuwonetsetsa kuti akugwira ntchito motetezeka ndikuwonjezera moyo wa batri.
- Kuyang'anira Kutali ndi Telemetry: Mathilakitala ambiri amagetsi ali ndi makina owunikira komanso ma telemetry.Makinawa amalola ogwiritsa ntchito kutsata momwe thirakitala ikugwirira ntchito, kuyang'anira momwe batire ilili, ndikulandila zidziwitso kapena zidziwitso zowunikira patali kudzera pakompyuta kapena mapulogalamu amafoni.
Ponseponse, mathirakitala amagetsi ali ndi zabwino zingapo poyerekeza ndi anzawo akale, kuphatikiza kuchepetsedwa kwa mpweya, kutsika mtengo, komanso kugwira ntchito kwabata.Makina awo amagetsi ndi ma drivetrain amakometsedwa ndi mphamvu yamagetsi, kupereka magwiridwe antchito abwino komanso odalirika pantchito zaulimi.
Zida Zokolola
Okolola, omwe ndi makina apadera aulimi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokolola mbewu monga mbewu, zipatso, ndi ndiwo zamasamba, ali ndi zida zawo zapadera zomwe zimapangidwira kuti azikolola bwino.Ngakhale masinthidwe enieni a zida amatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu ndi mtundu wa okolola, komanso mtundu wa mbewu zomwe zikukololedwa, nazi zina zomwe zimapezeka m'magiya okolola:
- Zida Zoyendetsa Pamutu: Okolola ali ndi zida zodulira zotchedwa mitu, zomwe zimakhala ndi udindo wodula ndi kusonkhanitsa mbewu.Mitu iyi nthawi zambiri imayendetsedwa ndi ma hydraulic kapena makina oyendetsa, okhala ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kusamutsa mphamvu kuchokera pa injini kupita kumutu.Ma gearbox atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha liwiro ndi torque ya mutu woyendetsa kuti ufanane ndi momwe mbewu zimakhalira komanso liwiro lokolola.
- Magiya a Reel ndi Auger: Okolola ambiri amakhala ndi ma reel kapena auger omwe amathandiza kutsogolera mbewu kuti zifike podulira ndikuzipititsa kumalo opunthira kapena pokonza.Magiya nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa zigawozi, kuonetsetsa kuti zikuyenda bwino komanso zodalirika.
- Zida Zopunthira ndi Zolekanitsa: M’kati mwa chokolola, mbewu zimapunthidwa kuti zilekanitse mbewu kapena mbewu zina zonse.Njira zopunthira nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo masilinda ozungulira kapena ma concaves okhala ndi mano kapena mipiringidzo.Magiya amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa zigawozi, kusintha liwiro ndi mphamvu yopunthira monga momwe zimafunikira pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbewu ndi mikhalidwe.
- Magiya a Conveyor ndi Elevator: Okolola nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi malamba kapena zikepe zonyamulira mbewu zomwe zakololedwa kuchokera popunthira kupita ku nkhokwe kapena matanki osungira.Magiya amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa njira zonyamulira izi, kuwonetsetsa kuyenda bwino kwa zinthu zokolola kudzera m'chokolola.
- Magiya Othamanga Osiyanasiyana: Magiya ena amakono ali ndi ma drive othamanga omwe amalola oyendetsa kuti asinthe liwiro la magawo osiyanasiyana pa ntchentche.Kusinthasintha kumeneku kumathandizira ogwira ntchito kuti azitha kukolola bwino kwambiri potengera momwe mbewu zimakhalira komanso zolinga zokolola.
- Ma Hydraulic Systems: Magiya ambiri otuta amayendetsedwa ndi ma hydraulic system, omwe amapereka mphamvu ndi chiwongolero chofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga mitu, ma reel, ndi makina opunthira.Mapampu a Hydraulic, motors, ndi masilindala amagwira ntchito limodzi ndi magiya kuti apereke ntchito yolondola komanso yomvera.
- Kuwongolera Pakompyuta: Zokolola zamakono nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi makina owongolera apakompyuta omwe amawunika ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito, kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito, kugwirira ntchito bwino, ndi mtundu wa mbewu.Makinawa angaphatikizepo masensa, ma actuators, ndi makompyuta omwe ali m'mwamba omwe amasintha zokha zosintha zagiya kutengera data yanthawi yeniyeni ndi kuyika kwa oyendetsa.
Ponseponse, magiya a otuta amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri kuti ntchito yokolola ikhale yabwino komanso yogwira mtima, kuwonetsetsa kuti mbewu zimakololedwa mwachangu, mwaukhondo komanso osatayika kapena kuwonongeka pang'ono.
Magiya Olima
Mlimi ndi zida zaulimi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza nthaka ndi kuletsa udzu pa ulimi wa mbewu.Ngakhale alimi nthawi zambiri sakhala ndi zida zovuta monga mathirakitala kapena zotuta, amathanso kuphatikizira zida zogwirira ntchito kapena zosintha zina.Nazi zina mwazinthu zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi zida zomwe zimapezeka mwa alimi:
- Magiya Ozama: Olima ambiri amakhala ndi njira zosinthira kuya komwe mlimi amalowera m'nthaka.Njira zosinthira mozama izi zitha kuphatikiza zida zomwe zimalola ogwiritsa ntchito kukweza kapena kutsitsa mlimi kuti akwaniritse kuya komwe akufunidwa.Magiya amatha kuwongolera bwino zoikamo zakuya, kuwonetsetsa kulima kofanana m'munda wonse.
- Magiya Owongolera Mizere: Polima mizere, ndikofunikira kusintha katalikirana pakati pa timitengo ta mlimi kuti tigwirizane ndi katalikirana ka mizere.Olima ena amakhala ndi magiya kapena mabokosi omwe amalola ogwira ntchito kusintha katalikirana pakati pa nsonga, kuwonetsetsa kuti udzu usamale bwino komanso umalima nthaka pakati pa mizere ya mbewu.
- Magiya A Position: Olima nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mafelemu opindika kapena opindika omwe amalola kuyenda mosavuta pakati pa minda kapena posungira.Magiya atha kuphatikizidwa munjira yopinda kuti atsogolere kupindika mwachangu komanso motetezeka ndikufutukuka kwa mlimi kuti ayendetse kapena kusunga.
- Njira Zoyendetsera Zinthu Zozungulira: Mitundu ina ya alimi, monga ma rotary tiller kapena olima oyendetsedwa ndi mphamvu, amatha kukhala ndi zinthu zozungulira monga matabwa, masamba, kapena mawilo.Magiya kapena ma gearbox amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutumiza mphamvu kuchokera ku shaft ya thirakitala ya power take-off (PTO) kupita kuzinthu zozungulira izi, kuwonetsetsa kulimidwa bwino kwa nthaka ndi kuwongolera udzu.
- Magiya Omangirira: Olima nthawi zambiri amathandizira zomata kapena zida zosiyanasiyana, monga zosesa, mafosholo, kapena ma harrow, zomwe zitha kusinthidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi mikhalidwe ya nthaka kapena ntchito zolima.Magiya atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti asinthe makulidwe, kuya, kapena masinthidwe a zomangira izi, kulola ogwiritsa ntchito kusintha makonda kuti agwiritse ntchito.
- Ma Clutch Achitetezo Kapena Chitetezo Chochulukira: Alimi ena amaphatikiza zotchingira zotetezera kapena njira zodzitetezera mochulukira kuti ateteze kuwonongeka kwa magiya kapena zinthu zina pakatsekeredwa kapena kulemedwa kwambiri.Zinthu zimenezi zimathandiza kuti mlimi asawonongeke komanso kuti asamawononge ndalama zambiri.
Ngakhale alimi sangakhale ndi magiya ochulukirapo kapena zida zokhudzana ndi zida monga makina akulu aulimi, amadalirabe magiya pazinthu zofunika kwambiri monga kusintha kwakuya, katayanidwe ka mizere, ndikutumiza mphamvu kuzinthu zozungulira.Magiyawa amathandizira kulima nthaka moyenera komanso moyenera komanso kuwongolera udzu pantchito zaulimi.
Zida Zaulimi Zambiri komwe Belon Gears
